Sistema canabinoide como possível alvo farmacológico para as Doenças de Alzheimer e Parkinson

Abstract

50 million people worldwide currently have neurodegenerative diseases. The WHO estimates that 152 million people will be affected by them in 2050. Diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's affect cognitive ability and disrupt generalized processes through mechanisms such as neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation. Whereas the pharmacotherapy for such diseases is predominantly symptomatic, this review aims to describe possible pharmacological interventions in the endocannabinoid system and the probable therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in neurodegenerative diseases. The endocannabinoid system has a neuromodulatory effect on neurotransmission functions, glial activation, oxidative stress, among others. The wide spectrum of the cannabinoids action makes it possible to target different aspects of neurodegenerative diseases, which are multifactorial. The inherent polypharmaceutical properties of cannabinoids offer distinct advantages over the current single-target pharmaceutical model and tend to revolutionize neurological treatments. Cannabidiol has been shown to reverse cognitive deficits and exert neuroprotective, anti- oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. Cannabinoid derivatives tend to be seen as new therapeutic potentials for treating diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.