Caracterização e modelagem espacial da erosão fluvial no rio Solimões, estado do Amazonas

Abstract

The phenomenon of landslides or marginal fluvial erosion is among the most dynamic processes in the landscape, resulting from the relationship between the hydrodynamic characteristics added to the characteristics of the banks, involving physical and morphometric aspects of the slopes, where the aspects that determine the erosion rates are directly influenced by the geomorphology of the channel, as well as by the geological, pedological and climatic aspects among others. The importance of understanding the hydrological phenomena, contacting the dynamics and interaction between the elements that compose the erosion on the margins of the micro-region of Above Solimões, Amazonas State, is to help in the elaboration of infrastructure and safety works for the coastline, ports, cities and others. Thus, this work has the objective of characterizing and modeling marginal erosive processes for the upper course of the Above Solimões River, having as a final product a map of risk areas to the fallen land phenomenon for the region. Throughout the work it is possible to observe the places more prone to erosion according to each explored variable, as well as the correlation between them. After the analysis and connection of the factors, a risk area map containing the main eroded zones was elaborated, as well as an erosion simulation map for the year 2025, in order to speculate the main areas affected by the phenomenon of landslides.