Um protocolo de roteamento tolerante a interrupções de comunicação para redes sem fios móveis em cenários de emergência

Abstract

In critical and emergency scenarios, such as natural disasters, technological or man made, first-responders can building mobile ad hoc networks addressing the lack of network communication infrastructure. In a mobile ad hoc network nodes communicate without the need of a fixed access point. Perhaps, communication in such scenarios may become susceptible to long interruptions. The Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks are a proposal approach when communication is intermittent. The DTN support communication disruption storing messages and fowarding it when a connection occurs. Due the requirement of storing capability, the nodes must have available resources to store messages. The Epidemic and PROPHET routing protocols have good perfomance when the nodes has a high buffer storage capability, perhaps in the most mobile devices storage resources has tight storage resource. This dissertation presents a disruptiont tolerant communication routing protocol, called HIGROP {HIerarquical Group ROuting Protocol). The HIGROP has as goal increase message delivery rate in a disruption network without having an impact on the communication overhead, optimizing the use of the nodes resource. To our best knowledge, HIGROP is the first protocol that build a hierarquical model to mademessage routing with in a network wich node has arbitrary movements. The HIGROP cluster neighbors nodes and elect a leader for each clustere. The messages are only forwarding to a leader node and leader become responsible to message delivery to the destination or to a foreign node cluster. We compare HIGROP to other similar protocols using a group mobility model for such disasters scenarios in a simulation tool. We noticed that HIGROP has up to 65% better message delivery rate than Epidemic and Prophet protocols when messagestorage buffer is limited and it is scalable. The communication overhead keeps stable in all analyzed scenarios.