Padrões de distribuição espaço-temporal de insetos herbívoros em florestas tropicais secas
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
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Tese de doutorado
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Insect herbivores are an important component of biodiversity with a narrow relation with plants species and plant parts. We assessed herbivore communities at 48 sites from four disturbed dry forest regions, evaluating the influences of landscape habitat availability at five focal scales in guild structure. We collected 2,893 insects representing 438 morphospecies, including 113 folivorous, 225 sap-sucking and 100 xylophagous insects. We found marked differences in guild richness and abundance responses, and similar patterns of beta diversity. Folivores were only associated with increase in habitat availability at the minor landscape scale, while sap-sucking and xylophagous insects were sensitive to landscape habitat availability, with diversity increasing to a greater extent at larger scales (i.e., 1 to 1.5 km radii). Beta diversity was higher in the region with the most unpredictable weather, and turnover is an important component to preserve high diversity at sampled sites. We demonstrate that the spatial context experienced by insects guilds depends on feeding habits and dispersal abilities. Increased habitat complexity positively affects insect diversity from local to landscape scales. We suggest focusing on key habitat elements for evaluation of herbivore responses to factors in anthropogenic landscapes.
Abstract
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Ecologia, Insetos, Florestas tropicais, Ecologia das florestas tropicais, Análise espaço-temporal
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Dispersal abilities, Land use, Scales, Guild structure, Heterogeneity
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