Dinâmica da transmissão da leishmaniose visceral em umacoorte de cães em Juatuba-MG, de 2010 a 2011

Abstract

A prospective cohort study of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) was carried out from 2010 to 2011 in Juatuba Minas Gerais State in order to know the dynamic of the disease transmission, its incidence and factors associated to Leishmania infantum infection as well. An observational and prospective cohort facade study was made by serologic analyses of dogs which were selected at random throughout the county. Each semester, the results negative and undetermined at sera Indirect Immunofluorescence (IFA) were checked. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to the owners of the dogs to evaluate the seroconversion and its determinant factors, by logistic regression. Parasitological and molecular analyses were performed using fragments obtained from necropsy and Leishmania species was determined. The canine incidence coefficient was 206/1,000dogs per year (IC: 178 238) and cluster was identified in an area with high concentration of positive dogs, however presenting a low population density. Large dog variable was identified as risk factor and the following variables - dogs more than 4-year old, daily peridomicile cleaning, and better socioeconomic conditions - as protection factors. Most dogs were asymptomatic and IFA showed predominant titer at cohort point among the symptomatic animals. L. amazonensis and L. infantum were characterized in dogs with visceral disease, which demands a better understanding of leishmaniasis epidemiology. The infection is occurring in a short period of time and showing a wide distribution in Juatuba.