Léxico do discurso político: um estudo comparado no contexto das sessões de impeachment (1992 x 2016)

Abstract

This research aimed to analyze the lexicon of the political discourse of congressmen in the context of the impeachment sessions of 1992 and 2016. From a theoretical and methodological point of view, it was based on social lexicology (MATORÉ, 1953), on socio-historical lexicology (CAMBRAIA, 2013), in the theory of lexical fields (GEERAERTS, 2010) and in corpus linguistics (SARDINHA, 2004). Two hypotheses were tested, which were confirmed: (a) due to socio-historical differences between the two impeachment sessions, there are lexical differences in the discourse of congressmen in general between the impeachment sessions of 1992 and 2016 and (b) due to differences in the position of the congressmen in each impeachment session, there are lexical differences in the discourse of the favorable and unfavorable congressmen in the impeachment sessions of each time (1992 and 2016). The first hypothesis was tested based on two corpora formed by the most frequent lexemes (approx. 160) in these discourses and the second was evaluated based on four subcorpora formed by the most frequent lexemes (approx. 90). Lexical differences were found in terms of (a) private lexemes of each corpus/subcorpus, (b) frequency of common lexemes among corpora/subcorpora and (c) lexical fields to which these private and common lexemes belong.