Características clínicas e demográficas das malformações linfáticas orais: estudo multicêntrico no Brasil e revisão de literatura

Abstract

Oral lymphatic malformations are uncommon vascular anomalies. Thus, recognizing the main demographical and clinical characteristics of oral lymphatic malformation can help to understand and diagnose these lesions. This multicenter study and literature review assessed the occurrence, clinical and demographic characteristics of oral lymphatic malformation. The multicenter study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee from Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (CAAE 10723019.0.1001.5149) and replicated to the Ethics Committees of the other centers. The biopsy files from seven Oral and Bucomaxilofacial Pathology Services were acessed. All cases with histopathological diagnosis of lymphatic malformation dated from 1953 to 2018 were selected. Additionally, was performed a literature review, based on a structured search strategy. Were selected cases of oral lymphatic malformation in the English language. Data extracted were similar to those from the multicenter study, allowing their comparison. Data analysis was performed with the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Armonk, USA). The level of significance was set at p< 0.05 for analytical statistics. The multicenter study retrieved 208 cases, representing 0.09% of the total sample. The literature review retrieved 1035 cases. Both affected male and female individuals equally and most cases were at tongue. The multicenter study and the case report studies showed median age of 22 and 10 years, respectively. On the other hand, the lesion size and proportion of symptomatic patients were higher among cases from the literature review. Cases, in both multicenter study and the literature review, revealed an association (p<0.05) among age and lesion size, showing young patients with larger lesions. This multicenter study represented the larger sample of oral lymphatic malformations to date and evidenced that this is an uncommon diagnosis in Brazilian Oral and Bucomaxilofacial Pathology Services. The multicenter study and the literature review showed that men and women are affected equally, the main location site is the tongue and patient age is related to the lesion size.