Esgotamento, satisfação profissional e absenteísmo-doença de trabalhadores de um hospital universitário público

Abstract

Professional satisfaction, burnout syndrome and absenteeism have been frequent themes of scientific studies in the health area and in the workplace, considering their importance in human health and results in organizations. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between professional satisfaction, burnout syndrome and rates of absenteeism-disease of workers from a public university hospital in Belo Horizonte-MG, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, it also proposed to characterize the participants, according to their socio demographic and work variables, to estimate the association among the constructs job satisfaction, burnout syndrome and absenteeism-disease; and to prepare a technical report for the hospital management with intervention proposals, for the improvement of job satisfaction, reduction of absenteeism and prevention of burnout syndrome within the hospital under study. This is an exploratory, descriptive study, with a quantitative approach. Field research was carried out, seeking to understand the association between the constructs. Three instruments were used: a semi-structured questionnaire, aiming at obtaining data about the socio demographic, economic and professional characterization of the workers involved; the S20/23 Job Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Burnout Characterization Scale (ECB). It was also collected secondary data from electronic spreadsheets, referring to sick leaves, medical and dental certificates submitted by these professionals, in the period from January 2016 to December 2020. The results showed a statistically significant correlation between absenteeism sickness and job satisfaction, since the lower the satisfaction in hierarchical relations and the lower the intrinsic satisfaction at work, the higher the absenteeism-sickness. It was also verified that the higher the job satisfaction, the lower the burnout. Regarding the burnout dimensions, it was found that the higher the emotional exhaustion and the higher the disappointment at work, the higher the absenteeism-sickness. On the other hand, the greater the dehumanization, that is, the greater the feeling of coldness and detachment, the lower the number of absences from work. It was also observed that absenteeism from work was higher among workers who worked more than 36 hours a week, and lower absenteeism from work between 8 and 10 hours a day. Labor factors are not the only ones to be considered in workers´ absenteeism-sickness, satisfaction and burnout. There are also individual and interpersonal aspects that can influence these variables and justify why workers exposed to the same work situation are sick and/or dissatisfied and others are not. The knowledge of the factor that are compromised may be relevant, so that managers can implement programs aimed at workers´ attention, directed mainly to the most impaired dimensions. A technical report was prepared, to be presented to the study site, with recommendations for practice, considering the results found.