Prevalência de hipoplasia de esmalte dental em pacientes celíacos

Abstract

Celiac disease (CD) is an enteropathy caused by dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Enamel hypoplasia has been noticed in CD patients. The disorder results from organic source of mineralized tissue defects or its incomplete formation. Several studies show that enamel defects are higher in CD population than in general, although some studies suggest similarity between two groups. Thirtyfour celiac patients(C) and thirty two no celiac patients (NC) were selected at Hospital das Clinicas (UFMG) Gastroenterology Pediatric Clinic and Celiac Association - Minas Gerais, to evaluate prevalence and possible association between CD and enamel hypoplasia. All clinical exams were made by one single examinator, previously standardized (Kappa 90%), following Aine at al. (1990) clinical criteria. Results demonstrate significant statistic difference in dental enamel hypoplasia in C group (88,2%) when compared to NC group (28,6%) (p=0,000). The I and II degrees of enamel hypoplasia in C patients presented significant statistic difference compared to NC group, p=0, 000 and p=0,003 respectively. Group C patients presented 8,91 times more risk of II degree hypoplasia than NC group. These results suggest a possible association between CD and enamel hypoplasia, although further studies are necessary to prove exact association.