Estudo numérico de vigas híbridas de aço submetidas à flexão

Abstract

This work presents a study of I-shaped hybrid steel girders behavior subjected to bending. For this purpose, numerical models with finite elements were developed and validated in the ABAQUS software. In these models is not considered the lateral torsional buckling since the beam will be restrained against out-of-plane translation, so only the local instabilities were evaluated. The analyses were divided into two stages, namely: first, it was performed a linearized eigenvalue buckling analysis to obtain the critical buckling loads and the buckling modes; then, it was performed an analysis of the ultimate resistant capacity considering residual stresses and initial imperfections. After defining the numerical model, the routine for running the models was developed from a programming language (Python) and a sensitivity study of the flange yield strength was carried out. Furthermore, the costs of the models were evaluated in order to make in parallel the results obtained with the expectations of commercial solutions. The outcomes obtained from the numerical models developed were satisfactory and, as expected, showed that the hybrid steel girders resist a greater bending when compared with their equivalent homogeneous beams. It was concluded that hybrid girders, in general, have a resistance 33% higher than their equivalent homogeneous beams, while the increase in cost was only 3%.