Frequência de identificação e notificação de abuso físico infantil por profissionais da estratégia saúde da família e relação com fatores socioeconômicos

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of identification and notification of child physical abuse (CPA) by Primary Health Care professionals (Dentists, Physicians, Nurses and Pediatrics) belonging to Municipal Secretary of Health crowded in 2 lager regions called “North” and “Pampulha” in Belo Horizonte City, Minas Gerais/Brazil. For administrative purposes, Belo Horizonte City has your geographic space divided in nine regions named: Norte, Pampulha, Venda Nova, Nordeste, Leste, Oeste, Centro-sul, Barreiro e Noroeste. In this study, only professionals crowded in regions Venda Nova and Centro-Sul was evaluate, these being a total of 320 professionals (103 Physicians, 125 Nurses, 61 Dentists and 31 Pediatrics). Sample calculation was performed to determine the sample by simple lottery, being proportional to professionals in each regions and this sample was constituted by 45 Physicians, 46 Nurses, 35 Dentists and 18 Pediatrics, in a total of 144 professionals. A questionnaire designed by a team from the University of London (Lazenbatt e Freeman, 2008) adapted by Silva-Oliveira et al., (2014) was used for data collection. The data was collected between August 2014 and September 2015. The frequency distribution and associations between the variables were analyzed using the Chisquare Pearson’s Test at a 5% significance level. The analysis of 114 questionnaires filled by health professional participants showed that 86 (59,7%) have identified cases of CPA. However only 38 (26,4%) have reported cases in their professional experience. The identification and reporting were assciated with the professional category (p< 0.001) and professionals who had done postgraduate studies focused on children (p< 0.001). The vulnerability of regional health clinics was not associated with the identification and notification of the cases from the child physical abuse (P= 0.754). The identification and reporting of child physical abuse were associated with the professional category, with training focused on the child care and professional category, with pediatricians and the nurses representing the professionals who most identified and notified cases. The regional social vulnerability was not associated with identification and reporting.