Análise da eficiência de áreas de carga e descarga através da aplicação de dissimilaridade e diversidade em redes multiplex

Abstract

The urban transport of goods plays a fundamental role in the economic and social development of the cities, being an important component in urban planning. The rationalization of urban transportation of goods contributes to supply chain efficiency and the functionality of the city. In this context, the loading and unloading areas play a fundamental role in the rationalization of loading activities in urban areas. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of loading and unloading areas for urban load distribution by modelling a complex multilayer network and calculating dissimilarity and diversity. For the application of the concepts, a study was conducted for the central region of Belo Horizonte. The complex multilayer network consists of 698 loading and unloading areas (nodes), interactive with 1.317 commercial establishments divided into 10 trade sectors (layers). The results of the analysis about dissimilarity and diversity show the important role of some trade sectors for the diversity of the distribution network analysed, as well as the relevance and the contribution of some loading and unloading areas to the diversity of the network. The results allow to conclude that higher is the accessibility of loading and unloading areas to commercial establishments, the smaller is the coverage area. The results also showed an interesting tradeoff of public policies for cargo and the dynamics of the transport companies’ operation: high accessibility supports transport companies, reducing delivery time and, consequently, distribution costs. However, high accessibility involves a large number of loading and unloading areas on the public streets, reducing the urban space that should be shared with other activities as important as the distribution of goods.