A mobilização conceitual do risco nos Planos Nacionais de Política Criminal e Penitenciária 2020-2023 e 2024-2027: uma análise linguística comparativa

Abstract

This work proposes a comparative linguistic analysis of the conceptual mobilization of risk in the National Criminal and Penitentiary Policy Plans (PNPCPs) of 2020-2023 (Brazil, 2019) and 2024-2027 (Brazil, 2024). The objective was to evaluate the semantic function of the reference to risk in these Plans, investigating a possible difference in meaning between the Plan elaborated in the context of the Bolsonaro government (2020-2023) and the Lula government (2024-2027). The questions that guided the research are: What semantic function was used to refer to risk in the National Criminal and Penitentiary Policy Plans of 2020-2023 and 2024-2027? Is there a difference in the meaning of risk between the plan elaborated by the Bolsonaro government (2020-2023) and the Lula government (2024-2027)? This research began with a bibliographic review methodology of works related to the study of social risk in correlation with criminal sciences, followed by empirical documentary research on the National Criminal Policy Plans (PNPCPs) in question, using Sketch Engine. The analysis used the term "risk" as a token (search word) and employed a qualitative approach. We conclude that, despite the greater advancement in the humanization of the punitive system by the 2024-2027 PNPCP compared to its predecessor, the open acceptance of proposals from administrative criminology by the latest National Criminal Policy Plan serves as a warning about the need for the continuous promotion of a critical approach to Brazilian criminal policy, avoiding a progression towards greater dehumanization driven by the rhetoric of risk (Brazil, 2019; Brazil, 2024).