De bildungsroman a Qhapaq Ñan: los caminos de Ernesto, Ximena y Claudio

Abstract

The following work is a study that can be placed between philosophical and literary reflection. Our interest is to discuss the category of bildungsroman for novels of training or learning written in our Andean region. Our hypothesis is that being Latin American Andean novels, the values, experiences and world view are different from those proposed in the context at the birth of the term bildungsroman and therefore it would be appropriate to give them a new name. To do this, we analyze three Peruvian novels considered novels of formation: "Los Ríos Profundos" by José María Arguedas, "País de Jauja" by Edgardo Rivera Martínez and "Ximena de dos caminos" by Laura Riesco. From our point of view, the path and experiences transited by the main characters of the book (Ernesto, Ximena and Claudio) question the ideas of training, learning, childhood, culture, present in the classic bildungsroman. Given this, we propose to refer to these novels as: Qhapaq Ñan, taking into account the reflections on Andean thought made by the Arequipa philosopher Javier Lajo. The aspects of the novels on which we will focus our analysis during the study are: the indomitable frontier of childhood, the relationship with nature or ecosophy, and the symbolic space of playing. Aspects on which Antonio Cornejo Polar, Graciela Montes, D.W. Winnicott, Eduardo Subirats, Maria Zambrano, among others, have written.