Desenvolvimento de espumas de poliuretano a partir da biomassa de macaúba

Abstract

The production of biodiesel leads to the generation of by-products that can be reused, adding value to the production chain. Macaúba has been studied as a raw material for the production of biodiesel and in this work, the endocarp co-products of macaúba and glycerol were used in the liquefaction of the biomass obtaining polyols and later in the synthesis of polyurethane foams. Liquefaction reactions of the macaúba endocarp were performed using different biomass contents, using PEG 400 and glycerol as a solvent. The yield of the liquefaction showed a decrease between 77 and 41% with the increase of the biomass. The biopolyols produced were characterized and showed a decrease in hydroxyl content and thermal stability with increasing biomass. The synthesis of the polyurethane foams led to the production of rigid foams, the most homogeneous being those with an NCO / OH ratio of 1.2.