Padrões de desmatamento nos biomas amazônia, cerrado e pantanal na bacia hidrográfica do Alto Paraguai, Mato Grosso - Brasil

Abstract

Theobjective of this study is to analyze the spatial dynamics of vegetation cover and land use and the rate of deforestation in the Upper Paraguay River Basin, located in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso,so that the information can contribute to the development of territorial planning strategies aimed at environmental conservation. Analyses of the dynamics of changes in vegetation cover and land use and deforestation rates were carried out through procedures carried out via geoprocessing (cutting, reclassification, resizing and quantification) of the annual mapping data (1985-2020) generated by the Annual Mapping Project of Land Cover and Use in Brazil (MapBiomas). In the investigated hydrographic unit, the Natural Vegetation Areas decreased by 19.82%, while the Agricultural Anthropogenic Areas increased by 76.74%.In the basin, the average deforestation rate was 1.57%/year, while in the Amazon, Cerrado and Pantanal biomes in the basin it was 4.09%/year, 1.58%/year and 0.75%/year, respectively. In the Pantanal, the average deforestation rate went from 0.77%/year to 0.88%/year from the initial five-year period (1986-1990) to the end (2016-2020), while in the same period there was a reduction in the Amazon (5.12%/year to 2.22%/year) and in the Cerrado (1.68%/year to 1.21%/year). It can be seen that deforestation occurs heterogeneously in the basinwith greater intensity in the biomes located in the plateau region (Amazon and Cerrado), where anthropogenic areas have surpassed areas of natural vegetation. Although the average rate of deforestation is low in the Pantanal, compared to the other biomes, a recent upward trend (2016-2020) in the average was observed.