Efeitos da administração oral de Saccharomyces cerevisiae linhagem UFMG A-905 em um modelo murino de Doença de Crohn induzida por TNBS

Abstract

The Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are chronic diseases of unknown etiology that have two main forms of presentation: Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). CD is characterized by chronic inflammation of the mucosa, not curable through clinical or surgical treatment that attacks the gastrointestinal tract unilaterally or multifocal, with a 10 transmural and variable intensity. CD results in a series of symptoms such as diarrhea, bloody stools, abdominal pain, anemia, fever, fatigue and weight loss. It is believed that these events results from a multifactorial interaction involving genetically susceptible individuals, specific environmental conditions, and unbalanced intestinal microbiota and immune response. The introduction of probiotics (live microorganisms, which when 15 administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit to the host), have proven to be effective in prolonging the remission of CD, allowing a significant improvement in life quality of individuals affected. Among the existing probiotic strains, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain UFMG A-905 was able to reduce the action of some intestinal pathogens and to prevent increase in intestinal permeability in models of 20 intestinal inflammation when used as probiotic. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect probiotic yeast S. cerevisiae strain UFMG A-905 in a murine model of CD induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS). Balb/c female mice were challenged with TNBS 10 days after initiation of treatment with the probiotic. On the fifth day after induction, the animals were sacrificed and different parameters evaluated. There 25 was an improvement in the group treated with the yeast in clinical signs of the disease compared to the untreated group. In the morphometric and histopathological analysis, the beneficial effect of the yeast could be observed with a reduction in inflamed area. The intestinal permeability was significantly reduced in probiotic-treated group compared to the CD positive control group. The induced inflammatory condition was significantly 30 reduced when the yeast was administered preventively, and a decrease of clinical signs and recruitment of neutrophils, eosinophils and macrophages to the focus of inflammation and proinflammatory cytokines were also observed. We can conclude that the probiotic S. cerevisiae strain UFMG A-905 has an attenuating effect in the acute model of CD, and more studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for this effect.