Infecção do sítio cirúrgico em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias cardíacas: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

In patients with chronic heart disease, often in the most common treatment is surgery to repair complications physiology underlying disease that caused over time. Even the medical staff in cardiac surgical seeking to improve the quality of life of patients, the surgical procedure becomes a risk factor, because the individual has already multiple factors that facilitates the emergence of complications and among them the surgical site infection (ISC) is the major because it slows the healing process of the patient and also help to varies complications may progress until the death. The aim of this study is to review the literature on the epidemiology of surgical site infections in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Having specific objectives: To know the incidence of surgical site infections in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and the types of surgical site infection in cardiac surgical procedures, to identify risk factors associated with cardiac surgery and the microorganisms responsible for infections and to know prevention and treatment of cardiac surgical site infections. This is a review of the literature about surgical site infection in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The literature review was conducted from September to October 2011, on the basis of periodic SCIELO - scientific Electronic Library Online, in the databases LILACS - Latin American Health Sciences, MEDLINE, PUBMED, beyond the site of the Brazilian Society Cardiology <http://www.cardiol.br/>. The following descriptors were used: surgical wound infection, prevention & control, nursing, epidemiology.