Segmentações históricas e contemporâneas da profissão docente no Brasil

Abstract

The article analyzed the teaching profession in Brazil, based on the identification of historical segmentations that interfered in the constitution of teachers as a homogeneous professional group. In the first section, based on a bibliographic review of historical, political, and statistical studies on education, it sought to understand the historical forms of segmentation that characterized the constitution of the teaching profession in the country. The second section of the chapter discussed new segmentations in the teaching profession resulting from the educational reforms of the last decades. These reforms, guided by the principles of New Public Management, promoted important changes in school management that resulted in fragmentation of teaching professionals. In the last section, the text showed a tendency toward greater individualization of the teaching profession through not only accountability policies, but also through teacher education and career policies.