Reordenamento espacial de famílias de agricultores: um estudo de caso em seis comunidades rurais do Alto Jequitinhonha mineiro

Abstract

The objective of this work is to analyze the spatial rreordering of rural areas based on the scarcity of water sources in six rural communities in Alto Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais. The research started in 2018, was developed from guided walks by local expert farmers in each of the communities, for recognition of the field; construction of cartographic sketches to represent the communities; and semi-guided interviews with families in each of the locations. The rural communities of Campo Buriti, Cabeceira do Tanque, Campo Alegre, Gentio, José Silva and Poço d'água are located in the municipality of Turmalina, located between the left bank of a river, the Fanado, the largest watercourse close to them , and on the right side of a large plateau known locally as Chapada das Veredas, dominated by the corporate monoculture of eucalyptus, which influences the water sources that existed in the past. In the cases studied, a spatial reorganization was observed in the rural area due to the scarcity of water sources. Three main forms of spatial reordering were found: densification of families in villages, separating dwellings from the productive space of crops and livestock; systems that combine dispersion in the territory and densification; and communities where the residents were distributed throughout the space, scattered through the “grotas”.