Contribuições genéticas para o estudo da inteligência humana: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Through a literature review, this work has as its scope understanding the main concepts concerning the study of human intelligence, the possible interactions between intelligence and environment and, above all, investigating the genetic contributions that underlie individual differences in this context. Researches have been conducted intending to elucidate the fundamentals in the differences in the individual intelligence. Genetic and environmental factors are associated, but it is necessary to comprehend the degree of influence exerted by each one, as well as the nature of the factors involved in this influence. Intelligence's genetic variation might result of the balance between mutation/selection or, possibly, of the accumulation of several slightly harmful mutations not yet discarded by natural selection. The advances and development in brain imaging technique’s field so as the study of molecular biology and behavioral genetics are important instruments to advance the investigations.