Desafios para aplicação de sistemas de armazenamento de energia em baterias com fontes alternativas complementares no Brasil

Abstract

Alternative energy sources, such as solar and wind, play an important role in the energy transition of the Brazilian electrical system, which is strongly based on reducing carbon emissions resulting from the intensive use of fossil fuels. At the same time, the intermittent characteristic of these sources brings the need for accessory technologies to enhance their generation capacity and promote harmonious operation when connected to the grid. In this sense, taking advantage of the complementarity of wind and photovoltaic generations, there is the possibility of association of these plants, as well as the joint operation with battery banks. This paper aims to structure an analysis and discussion about the current situation and challenges for the application of Battery Energy Storage Systems in Brazil, working together with the recent concept of complementarity of alternative energy sources. The study addresses technical, regulatory and economic issues, with a focus on regulatory analysis, and it also refers to the international experience. Based on the research developed, it is proposed in the thesis a Methodology for Integration of Batteries with Complementary Alternative Sources. It is structured in steps related to the measurement of complementarity, the sizing of the battery and the financial analysis for different levels of complementarity. The results obtained with the proposed procedure are recorded, showing its applicability.