A determinação econômica n'As Lutas de Classes na França de Karl Marx: contradição entre prática política concreta dos indivíduos e o movimento das leis imanentes do modo de produção capitalista

Abstract

This dissertation aims to demonstrate, through an immanent analysis of Karl Marx's work The Class Struggles in France, 1848-1850, the consolidation of the proletariat in the revolutionary struggles. It analyzes, from the perspective of the economic determination of the French production process and its relationship with the world market as a preponderant moment in class dynamics on the political scene, how, under what conditions, and with what purposes, the proletariat initially sided with the bourgeoisie, in opposition to the financial aristocracy, in the pursuit of political power in February 1848. The second section, in turn, will seek to elucidate how the proletariat sought to constitute the provisional government alongside the different revolutionary classes, using a conciliatory compromise between the various social classes that expressed the political illusions of the revolutionary proletariat in defending the republican character of the revolution. Nevertheless, this work will seek to understand how this position of the proletariat, albeit fluctuating and full of illusions, was situated within the revolutionary terrain, representing a threat to the defense of the interests of the bourgeoisie, which sought ways, within the provisional government, to deflect the demands of the proletariat and repress its revolutionary potential. Finally, the work will seek, in the las section, to demonstrate the proletariat's growing awareness of the nature of politics in action, with the loss of its illusions following the consolidation of the republic. Appearing in its pure form as the expression of the bourgeois order, as the expression of the bourgeoisie's domination, this republic created unsustainable conditions for the life of the proletariat, which was forced to rise up against this order as such, without any possibility of success. This resulted in a massacre that stripped the proletariat of its illusions, allowing it to express its revolutionary character not in defense of the republic and within the bourgeois order, but in direct opposition to them.