Complexidade, lugar e cultura: a arquitetura de Lina Bo Bardi como mediadora entre os sujeitos e suas manifestações

Abstract

This dissertation begins at the identification of an excessive specialization present for the most part in the current architectural production and the consequent necessity to search for elements that promote the increase of complexity in architecture. In an attempt to elect premises which can meet the increase of this complexity, the work of the Italian architect Lina Bo Bardi (1914-1992) was chosen, whose work is nationally and internationally renowned for the use of expensive elements compared to the way production is culturallydone in Brazil, without dispensing with the condition of spaces with high degree of appropriation. Four architectural complexes were analyzed, as follows: Museu de Arte de São Paulo (1957-1968), SESC Fábrica da Pompeia (1977-1986) and the Teatro Oficina (1980- 1984), located in the city of São Paulo, and the Igreja do Espírito Santo do Cerrado (1976- 1982), in Uberlândia. At first, a survey of the aspects considered fundamental for the production of architecture was presented, as the three major dimensions of the vitruvian treaty firmitas, utilitas and venustas and the modes of discourse of the architectural theory, related to content as well as form. Starting with this survey, the premises used in the analyses of each work were developed, which are: architecture as a place of habitation, architecture as an extension of the street and architectures relation with the pre-existent context. Finally, the way the three premises mentioned above is contemplated in the work of Lina Bo Bard is presented starting at the conception of architecture as a cultural production, in the light of the concept of tectonics. To the tectonic quality were related the idea of decorum as well as the relation between culture and nature developed in the works of the architect. In this way, the present work attempts to identify components of a Brazilian architecture of high cultural level, seeking to expand the discussions on the possibility of a more complex architectural production, geared towards humans and their interrelation.