Efeitos do treino específico da tarefa em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson: uma revisão narrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Although aging is not the direct cause of Parkinson's disease, it may play an important role in the predisposition to this health condition, which is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Individuals with Parkinson's Disease have difficulty initiating movement and performing sequential movements. As the disease progresses, these individuals begin to experience significant limitations in activities. Considering the impacts of Parkinson's disease, it is necessary to seek effective interventions to manage symptoms. Task-specific training can be an intensive treatment option and focuses on improving performance in activities and not just aspects of structure and function. Objective: To carry out a literature review, seeking evidence on the effects of task-specific training in individuals with Parkinson's Disease. Methodology: Searches were carried out for articles of interest in the PUBMed, Physical Therapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Latin American and Caribbean Heath Science Literature (LILACS) databases. Results: 7 clinical trials were included in this review. All 7 selected articles showed positive effects of taskspecific training in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The interventions included sitting and standing training with cues, upper limb dexterity training, transfer training, gait training and task-specific training associated with aerobic training. The interventions were carried out in person, in remotely or in a hybrid format. The studies' scores on the PEDro scale ranged from 4 to 8 points. Conclusion: This literature review demonstrated that task-specific training is effective in improving quality of life, balance, fear of falls and step length in individuals with Parkinson's Disease. However, more studies with good methodological quality are still needed to investigate the effects of different task- specific training protocols in different stages of Parkinson's Disease.