Aspectos de interesse das reabsorções cervicais invasivas: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Invasive cervical resorption (ICR) is a pathological and aggressive process formed from the actions of clastic cells that cause destruction of the dental structure. It is characterized by the invasion of fibrovascular and fibro-osseous tissue in the cervical region of the root, resorbing cement, enamel and dentin. The etiology of ICR has not yet been well elucidated, but it is already known that its onset depends on the lesion or deficiency of the cementum layer in the cervical region of the root, in the region corresponding to the cementoenamel junction. Several predisposing factors have already been identified, such as orthodontic treatment, endogenous bleaching and trauma. In most cases, resorption is asymptomatic. It presents few clinical signs and symptoms, and its identification is commonly performed through routine radiographic examinations. Once identified, cone beam computed tomography is an essential exam for the correct planning of treatment, due to the fact that it is possible to observe the entire extension of the lesion, identify the nature of the process and locate the entrance portal of the lesion. There are several types of treatment, such as extrusion of the dental element to expose the resorption region for future restoration with biocompatible material, surgical exposure with a flap or even extraction in the most severe cases. The earlier the diagnosis, the higher the success rates.