O efeito do treino de marcha em crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Cerebral Palsy causes various disorders in the musculoskeletal, neuromotor and sensory systems. Gait is usually greatly affected in these individuals and with age, several factors contribute to its loss. In this way, it becomes a great challenge for professionals, as the maintenance and improvement of gait are important for a greater exploration and participation of the individual in society. Therefore, the aim of this study was to summarize the results of studies that investigated the effects of gait training on the ground and on a treadmill in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy and the benefits promoted in the space-time variables of gait. An electronic search was performed in three databases, Pubmed, PEDro and Cochrane Library from 2002 to 2022, using the keywords cerebral palsy, gait function, gait training, ground gait and treadmill gait. 502 articles were found in Pubmed, 191 in PEDro and 288 in the Cochrane Library database. Inclusion criteria were children and adolescents with cerebral palsy, gait training on the ground, gait training on a treadmill with or without partial suspension, and comparative studies between gait training on a treadmill and on the ground. Exclusion criteria were studies that addressed strength training, balance training, use of electrical currents and use of robotic devices. The main results found indicated that speed and gait resistance increase after training on the treadmill and on the ground, whereas cadence, step length and stride length did not show statistically significant improvements after the intervention. According to the articles evaluated, gait training on the treadmill with or without partial support and on the ground benefit the space-time parameters of gait in children and adolescents with Cerebral Palsy.