Estudo comparativo na soldagem de aços dissimilares hardox 400 e A36, pelos processos GMAW com arame sólido e MCAW com arame de alma metálica metal - cored

Abstract

This study presents a comparative analysis of welding between dissimilar materials, specifically structural steel A36, widely used in metallic structures, and HARDOX 400 steel, recognized for its high wear resistance and elevated hardness. The main objective of the research was to evaluate the feasibility of joining these two materials using the GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) process with ER70S-6 solid wire and the MCAW process with E70C-6M metal-cored tubular wire.Multipass welding was performed on joints with a double V-groove configuration in accordance with the criteria established by AWS D1.1 and ASME Section IX standards, following strict welding procedures for Hardox steel, including preheating, interpass temperature control, and heat input control.After welding, non-destructive and mechanical tests were conducted, such as bend testing, Charpy V-notch impact testing, and Vickers hardness measurements, in addition to macrographic and micrographic analyses of the welded joint regions and a comparative evaluation of the economic aspects of both consumables. The study is essential for optimizing the welding process of dissimilar materials, ensuring that mechanical properties are preserved in the joint region. The results demonstrate the technical feasibility of the process and indicate that both consumables met the normative requirements, showing satisfactory performance in terms of metallurgical integrity and mechanical strength of the welded joint.