Análise da composição sociossemiótica de 1984 e do romance gráfico: potencialidades da Literatura em época de Big Data e Big Techs

Abstract

This research has aimed to identify and explore the meanings and representations, including the ideological and hegemonic aspects, whether apparent or not, of the literary work 1984, written by George Orwell (1961), based on the comparison with its transduction into the graphic novel genre, produced by Namai (2021). The fact that literary reading in English provides a more paced and in-depth reading, requiring more time for its comprehension, motivated this investigation, which also aims to rescue literary reading in English as an inalienable right (Cândido, 2011) for High School students. The choice of the corpus is justified by the evident interdiscursivity between the work 1984 and the discursive and social practices of the contemporary world, such as: hate speech, surveillance and the monopoly of Big Techs for social interactions, the control exercised by Big Data over individual choices and the production of fake news with the use of technological and semiotic-discursive resources. As a methodological approach, a critical-comparative analysis was proposed, based on the three-dimensional model of Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) (2016) and other categories of critical-discursive analysis, developed by the author, such as interdiscursivity. In addition to Fairclough's CDA, categories of the transitivity system of Halliday and Matthiessen's Systemic-Functional Grammar (2014) were used in the linguistic analyses. For the analysis of the graphic novel, principles of Hodge and Kress's Social Semiotics (1988), studies on Multimodality by Gunther Kress (2010) and categories of Visual Design Grammar by Kress and Van Leeuwen (2021) were considered. Among the potentialities identified in the literary text and in its transduction which can contribute to a critical education in English, we highlight: the understanding of the interdiscursivity inherent to texts and of them as ideological vehicles; the integration between form and content necessary in the production of texts; the different discursive genres present in the literary text; the power of language and discourses in the construction of reality, identities and ways of acting; critical awareness about the predominance that certain texts and discourses exercise over others in different social structures.