Intervenções adotadas pela enfermagem frente às complicações no pós-operatório de cirurgias cardíacas com uso de circulação extracorpórea e adultos

Abstract

Objectives: To identify the main complications in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the respective nursing interventions in view of these complications. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review. To select the sample, a search was carried out via the Virtual Health Library (VHL) in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Online Retrieval System (MEDLINE) and Nursing Database (BDENF). Results: 23 articles were selected for the sample. The main complications described were: Cardiac arrhythmias, hemodynamic and laboratory changes, such as blood count, white blood cell count and electrolyte changes, hyperglycemia, chest pain, oliguria, kidney injury and respiratory complications. The main nursing cares were those categorized as monitoring of vital parameters and maintenance of cardiac output; analgesia; ventilatory maintenance; monitoring of neurological pattern; guidelines about the surgical procedure for patients and families and monitoring of fluid balance; monitoring of post-surgical bleeding and care for infections and monitoring of laboratory tests. Conclusion: It is necessary to carry out studies on nursing care in view of the complications mentioned to provide evidencebased practice and update knowledge.