Zoneamento edafoclimático da seringueira no município de Governador Valadares - MG

Abstract

The main objective of this work was to evaluate the edaphoclimatic zoning for the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis L.) for the municipality of Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, through Geoprocessing techniques and Geographic Information Systems. Soil and climate requirements were obtained through bibliographic review. The climatic variables, average annual temperature and average temperature of the coldest month, were mapped through linear regression equations, which considered as independent variables altitude, latitude and longitude, extracted from the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Shuttle Radar Topography Mission SRTM) 1 Arc-Second Global. Annual precipitation, annual evapotranspiration, and annual water deficiency were mapped by the Inverse Distance Weighted Interpolator (IDW). Were considered, also, the altitude, extracted from the MDTM SRTM, soils, land use and occupation and conservation units. The resulting maps, in raster format, were crossed, giving rise to the final map of edaphoclimatic zoning. The preferential areas for the cultivation of rubber trees totaled 499.67 km² (49,967.3 ha), corresponding to 21.3%. Restricted and marginal areas comprise most of the municipality with 1252, 75 km² (125,274.96 ha) and are subject to high water deficit and leaf blight. Inappropriate areas correspond to 498.56 km² (49,855.52 ha), 21.25%. Unit of conservation, water and urban infrastructure correspond together 95.13 km² (9.512,8 ha), 4.06%.