A evolução do espaço residencial: a Residência Bias Fortes como reflexo da inovação tecnológica e social no início do século XX em Barbacena (MG)

Abstract

This research studies the domestic space from an organizational perspective, investigating the transformations it has undergone and its correlations with social and technological changes from the late nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century. The present work aims to gather data that allow understanding the evolution of the residence, in terms of space organization, through research in different publications along with a case study. The study presents the changes that began to be introduced in the nineteenth century with the arrival of the Portuguese court in Brazil, the opening of ports and the different innovations resulting from the Industrial Revolution, in contrast to a colonial model, in which intimate life and the comfort were not valued. The transformations are initially guided by new forms of space occupation and later materialize in effective changes in house plans and room organization. The case study object was a townhouse from the beginning of the twentieth century. Through a bibliographic and photographic survey and a semi-structured exploratory interview, data were collected on the technology of house construction and the distribution of spaces, in correlation with the forms of appropriation, focusing on changes in the way of living. Thus, the implementation of new hygiene behaviors stands out, contributing to the renovation of the domestic space, which depends on a infrastructure system designed to articulate private and public spaces in an unprecedented way through technology.