Caracterização de genótipos de pequizeiro (Caryocar brasilense Camb.) pelo perfil cromatográfico de voláteis

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to discriminate the different pequi tree genotipes characterising the profile of the volatile compounds extracted from the pequi pulp by headspace extraction, using gas hromatography-mass spectrometry. Fruits of eighteen different populations of the pequi tree collected in the northern region of Minas Gerais, were studied. The extraction of the volatile compounds was accomplished through the headspace technique using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers to concentrate these compounds. Three SPME fibers were evaluated on the basis of extraction efficiency and the PDMS-DVB fiber was chosen because of the number of compoundsextracted and the possibility of extracting compounds of different polarities. The principal component analysis (PCA) and the cluster analysis were used to treat the data, allowing the establishment of markers (dendrolasin, octanoato de etila, 2-octenoato de etila e -cis-ocimeno) that discriminated the pequi tree genotipes by thecontent and presence or absence of these compounds.Keywords: pequi, headspace, SPME, volatile compounds, GC-MS