Interação entre fatores espaciais e tipos de tempo na organização das unidades climáticas em Juiz de Fora – MG

Abstract

The city of Juiz de Fora stands out as a regional pole, attracting people from the entire Zona da Mata region. Despite being an important city in Minas Gerais, it lacks studies that characterize its spatial climatic distribution, as there are still technical-instrumental limitations that hinder this kind of diagnosis. The purpose of this work was to develop a method capable of identifying and characterizing the climatic units of Juiz de Fora, based on the relationship between atmospheric attributes and the dynamics of air masses, types of weather, relief and land use and cover, articulated in different scalar levels (spatial and temporal). The development of this research began with an investigation considering the action of natural and anthropic processes, through cartographic bases and meteorological data, using statistical and spatial analysis techniques, in order to define the climate units of the city under different weather conditions. The methodological procedures were structured on three levels, which are: theoretical review, data collection and treatment, and data analysis and synthesis methods. The results obtained from the regional analysis have displayed the decisive role of relief in the configuration of the regional climate, with lower temperatures and higher rainfall totals between the cities of Lavras, Barbacena, and Juiz de Fora. Topoclimatic controls, such as relief and use and land cover in Juiz de Fora in Juiz de Forain certain circumstances, overlap with the regional and local climate dynamics. Regarding the atmospheric systems, it has been concluded that, within the monitored period (from July 20, 2019, to June 13, 2020), the most active systems in the city were: mTa (Tropical Atlantic mass) and mPa (Polar Atlantic mass), which correspond to over 50% of the analyzed days. Regarding the used methods, it has been discovered that the air temperature estimate template has become a valid tool to understand the thermodynamic reality of the studied area. At last, mapping units per combination enabled the definition of zones with the general climate behavior of the city through computer processes. In addition, mapping was carried out via multicriteria analysis, which allowed incorporating other variables that have yet to be added to the analysis per combination.