Associação e predição entre o índice de redondeza corporal e doença renal crônica: resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde

Abstract

Background: chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health concern, associated with high morbidity and mortality and significant socioeconomic impact. Among the risk factors related to CKD, central obesity stands out, particularly due to the inflammatory activity of visceral fat. Objectives: this study aimed to analyze the association between the Body Roundness Index (BRI) and the presence of CKD, as well as to assess its discriminatory power in predicting the disease in a representative sample of the Brazilian adult population. Methodology: this is a cross-sectional study based on population data. The sample was characterized according to sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, and chronic conditions. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between BRI quartiles and the presence of CKD, with stratification by hypertension status. The ROC curve was also applied to assess the discriminatory performance of BRI. Results: results showed a positive association between BRI and CKD, particularly among non-hypertensive individuals in the highest BRI quartile, who had a 133% higher chance of CKD, even after adjusting for confounding variables. The BRI also showed significant discriminatory ability for CKD in the general population, among adult (men and women ≤59 years), elderly women, as well as in subgroups stratified by the presence or absence of hypertension. Conclusions: therefore, BRI appears to be a useful screening tool for CKD. Further longitudinal studies and the combination of BRI with other adiposity indices are recommended to enhance its diagnostic performance in diverse populations.