A teoria de opções reais e o método de classificação de pacientes por grupo de diagnósticos relacionados

Abstract

The hospital environment is considered complex because it deals directly with human life together with the combination of different types of services that need to be performed harmoniously for the final product to be delivered. Given this complexity it is observed the use of Diagnosis Related Group (DRG), a type of patient classification method that assists in hospital management. However, such method is deterministic and does not consider the variations brought by uncertainty regarding the patient's clinical condition. This causes it to add little information to objectively rational decision-making under uncertainty. Therefore, the thesis research aimed to analyze the incorporation of uncertainty and flexibility into the DRG method through the Real Options Theory. Thus, we sought to create homogeneous patient groups through an exploratory and documentary research, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, guided by the deductive method. This grouping was based on the combination of diagnoses and outcome of discharge. In addition to the grouping, it was possible to include in the groups the flexibilities that the patient may have during hospitalization, as well as the probabilities of occurrence. Through this research, based on the positivist approach and the functionalist paradigm, it was possible to observe empirically the interaction between the Real Options Theory and the DRG method. This interaction made possible the proposition of a new classification method, focused on the financial aspects and relevant information provider to make the objectively rational decision.