Avaliação nutricional de crianças internadas em hospitais de Belo Horizonte

Abstract

Objectives: to perform nutritional assessment of children admitted to the hospitals of Belo Horizonte into the period of July of 2004 to January of 2005. Establish affiliation and possible correlations of the nutritional state with socioeconomic characteristics from the patients, typeof disease and time of length of hospital stay, access the hospital conditions nutritional assessment and access the frequency of this assessment realized in this hospitals on the medical records.Methodology: The nutritional status was evaluated at Z-score by using the classification from World Health Organization. Weight and heigh have been measured, and a questionnaire filled 41 in with questions about local conditions to perform them, and also informations about lengthof hospital stay , type of feed , use of vitamins , type of disease and socioeconomic characteristics of patients between one month and twelve years old. Results: 290 children interned on the hospitals of Belo Horizonte participated in the study into the period of July of 2004 to January of 2005. Were found 47,2% of eutrophy ; 24,5% atnutritional risk and 9,7% moderate and severe malnutrition. 2,4% of obese and 7,2% of overweigth were found. Among the diseases of base on the internal , those with major indexes of malnutrition at Zscoreabout weight/age and height/age have been : heart disease (53,8%; 38,5%), chronic renal disease (28,6%; 28,6%) and neurological disease (26,7%; 26,7%). The indexes for weight/height have been : cancer disease (16,7%), heart disease (15,4%) and chronic renal disease (14,3%). In relation to the age group , there was no significant statistical difference about the nutritional state. Regarding length of hospital stay , the chance from a child interned for at least 14 days , to present Z-score for height/age below 2 is 8,18 times the chance from a child internedbetween 1 to 2 days. In relation to discharge from infirmary , the chance from a child who was transferred to the Intensive Care Unit to present Z-score height/age below 2 is 6,23 times the chance from a child who is discharged to the domicile. The Z-score for weight/age below 2, is 10 times the chance from a child with discharge to the domicile.Regarding number of brothers , the chance from a child interned to present Z-score weight/ age below 2 when she has at least 3 brothers is 4,55 times the chance of when she has two brothers. In relation to school degree, the chance from a child interned to present Z-score toheigth/age bellow 2, when the mother is up to 3 years of study is 5,10 times the chance of when the mother is at least 11 years. Baby scale in good conditions of use was available for 57,9% patients , and platform scale for 80%. Ruler in good conditions of use to infant was available for 39,3% patients and for higher children 92,4%. They had the weight and height measures written in medical record at the first day of admission 92,4% and 5,9% from the patients respectively. Conclusions: the frequency of malnutition was 43,2%, among them 18,7% were moderateor severe. The major indexes of malnutrition were to children with heart diseases. Significant statistics in relation to the malnutrition and length of hospital stay, mothers years of study, transfer to the Intensive Care Unit and number of brothers were found. The frequency of 42 overweigth and obesity was of 9,6%. The nutritional evaluation on the hospitals was not much realized.