Avaliação do impacto do uso do worked example no ensino e aprendizagem da semiologia do aparelho cardiovascular

Abstract

CONTEXT: The cardiac auscultation performance of newly graduated physicians is below expectations, which results in an excess of referrals to the cardiologist, requests for unnecessary tests and diagnostic delay. The development of effective teaching methodologies is necessary to improve cardiac auscultation and the diagnostic capacity of newly graduated physicians. METHODS: 56 students from the 4th year of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, participated in an experimental study to compare the effectiveness of the guiding study based on the worked example methodology when compared to the traditional methodology of lectures on pediatric cardiac auscultation. The students were randomized into an experimental group and a control group and evaluated in different phases - pre-test, immediate post-test and late post-test. RESULTS: From the Analysis of Variance of Repeated Measures, there was a significant effect in both training methods when considering the study phase (p < 0.001). The two groups obtained similar performances regardless of the training method (p = 0.863), suggesting that an active methodology can be as effective as a traditional methodology in teaching and learning Pediatric Cardiac Auscultation.