Autopercepção de saúde e suporte social em pacientes sob tratamento dialítico em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais

Abstract

Introduction: patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) have complications from the disease and the treatment. The dialysis treatment is palliative and demands of patients reactive attitudes that increase their survival and well-being. Self-rated health of these subjects, which in general is worse than those without chronic disease, can be influenced by clinical and non-clinical factors that impact on health. Objective: To investigate factors associated to self-rated health of patients on dialysis in Belo Horizonte city, Minas Gerais. Methods: analytical/transversal study with patients who underwent dialysis in dialysis units of Belo Horizonte. The response variable was the self-rated health, dichotomized as "good" and "poor". For statistical analysis, an intermediate logistic regression was performed between the variable of interest and sociodemographic and economic, other for the clinical and other for social support variables (p 0.20). A final model was developed to evaluate the association between the dependent variable and the variables that remained associated (p 0.05) in intermediate models. The strength of association was demonstrated by the odds ratio and their respective confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: More than half of the patients reported poor self-rated health. Low educational level, difficulty walking, dissatisfaction with the support received from family and friends and difficulties to obtain medications were related to poor self-rated health. Conclusion: self-rated health was multifactorial, and sociodemographic, clinical and social support factors are important for the subject on dialysis. It is imperative developing emotional and instrumental social support for patients on dialysis facing the possibility of improvements on the quality of life of these.