Alterações do sistema renina angiotensina na insuficiência cardíaca, e suas respostas frente o treinamento aeróbico

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases represented the third cause of hospitalization in the health system – SUS,1.156.136 hospitalization, and heart failure (HF) the most frequent cause of hospitalization for cardiovascular disease. HF is characterized as a complex syndrome of multiple effects. Neurohumoral exacerbation has been considered the mark of this complex syndrome, and increases in plasma angiotensin II, aldosterone, vasopressin, norepinephrine, and high sympathetic activity correlates with the severity of HF. The renin angiotensin sytem (RAS) plays a role local and systemic. Angiotensin II participates in the regulation of circulation humoral vasoconstriction of the arterioles leading to increased peripheral vascular resistance, in addition to promoting friendly facilitation when it binds to the AT1 receptor in the cascade of events RAS. Aerobic training in HF reduces mortality rates, hospitalizations, reduces symptoms, improve functional capacity , social participation of the individual and optimizes the quality of life. In relation to physiological aerobic training improves skeletal muscle funcition, increases the number of oxidative enzymes and the amount of mitochondria in cells, decreases the sympathetic response, reduces exacerbations neurohumoral and plasma levels of angiotensin II. It is necessary to know the pathophysiology of the RAS in the genesis and evolution of HF, as well as the mechanisms that contribute to reducing levels of angiotensin II and consequent sympathetic inhibition by aerobic training .