Biocontrole dos extratos de Hovenia dulcis e Ateleia glazioviana frente a organismos xilófagos

Abstract

The present study aims to verify the toxicity of aqueous extracts of the wood, bark and leaves lignocellulosic materials of Hovenia dulcis and Ateleia glazioviana to the main woody xylophagous organisms. For this, five trees of each species were felled, of these, the vegetal materials were obtained for the preparation of the aqueous extracts of the wood. The extracts were incorporated into the culture medium in petri dishes in order to verify the toxicity to the main deteriorated fungi of Pycnoporus sanguineus and Gloeophyllum trabeum woods. Experiment evaluations were initiated 24 hours after inoculation by daily measurements of mycelial growth until the control plaques were taken up by the fungi. In addition, the extracts were also tested as bioinsecticides in the control of termites. For this purpose, filter papers impregnated with the extracts were placed in petri dishes and after addition of 20 active termites in each plate, which were incubated at 28 ± 2 ° C, 75 ± 5. There were five replicates per treatment, and for each plate, mortality rate of termites was calculated for 2h and 24h for each treatment. All aqueous extracts of Hovenia dulcis and Ateleia glazioviana have fungitoxic potential freight to fungi representative of white and brown rot and potential pesticide against termites. In general, the extracts of Ateleia glazioviana showed to be of better fungitoxic performance and pesticide in relation to those of Hovenia dulcis, and could be used as biopreservantes of wood.