Huayno e Chicha: uma análise comparativa de letras de músicas destes dois gêneros musicais peruanos

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to approach the Peruvian letters of huayno and chichi produced in the second half of the Twentieth century in order to verify the relation between these two musical genre which are very similar because they deal with terms related to the migrants: if the first maintains or modifies the elements of the latter, or if chicha is a completely different musical genre compared to huayno. To form the corpus of huaynos and chichas, lyrics interpreted by two deceased singers: Picaflor de los Andes and Chacalón, were selected. Picaflor de los Andes is a representative of the huayno genre which is very popular in Peru as well as Chacalón, a chicha interpreter considered to be one of the most important names in this musical style. Furthermore, along the study, we search to answer if the chicha can be undergoing a process here called chichafication, supported by the critics such as Espezúa Salmón (2009), similar to cholification, presented by the scholar Aníbal Quijano in 1964 (1980), which was refuted by many scholars, such as Rodrigo Montoya (2010). Throughout the whole work, Latin-American theorists’ perspective was privileged, being the great majority Peruvian scholars. To meet the objective proposed here, it was necessary to approach the concepts inherent to tradition, modernity, cultural heterogeneity, migration, urbanity and mixture of races.