Colonoscopia e histopatologia do intestino grosso e íleo de cães: série de casos

Abstract

Colonoscopy is a technique used to evaluate the large intestine. It is considered to be noninvasive, done directly by inspection of the intestinal mucosa. When associated to the histopathological examination through the collection of intestinal fragments, the definitive diagnosis can be obtained. The objective was to perform a survey of colonoscopy and histopathology reports of the large intestine and the ileum of dogs. A serial study with 54 colonoscopy and histopathology reports was prepared at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (HV-UFMG) and the São Francisco de Assis Veterinary Hospital. Of the 54 animals, 29 were males and 25 females, with a mean age of 114.04 months, average weight of 13.29 kilos and varied races. All endoscopic and histopathological alterations were described by intestinal segment and chi-square analysis was performed on the correctness of the nature and intensity of the lesions and frequency of the correct nature for the same parameters. Regarding the distribution of diseases by intestinal segment, there was a prevalence of inflammatory nature, of which were observed in the rectum to lymphoplasmacytic proctitis, of which were observed in the rectum to lymphoplasmacytic proctitis, in the colon to lymphoplasmacytic colitis, in the cécum to lymphoplasmacytic typhitis and in the ileum to lymphoplasmacytic ileitis, sometimes associated with intestinal lymphangiectasia. The ascending colon and rectum were the most frequent sites of change in colonoscopy and histopathology. From the total number of reports evaluated, the lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and the adenomatous polyp were the most described lesions in the intestinal tract in the histopathology, already in the colonoscopy stood out by reddish staining and mucosal edema. There was no perfect correlation as to the classification by nature and intensity of the changes seen through colonoscopy and histopathology, verified by the Kappa Coefficient, low values = 0.39 (0.2040-0.59) and 0.1243 (-0,05-0.30) respectively. It was not possible to correlate the changes described in the 54 colonoscopy and histopathology reports regarding the nature and intensity of the lesions, which makes it indispensable to perform biopsies in all the examination for diagnostic conclusion.