As vozes presentes em narrativas de vida de pacientes esquizofrênicos: análise do documentário Pára-me de repente o pensamento,de Jorge Pelicano

Abstract

From the perspective of the French discourse analysis, this work aims to study two Portuguese schizophrenic patients narratives of life, recounted throughout the documentary Pára-me de repente o pensamento, directed by Jorge Pelicano in 2014. Thus, we seek to unveil the representations that these two individuals make of themselves, of schizophrenia, of other individuals and, at the same time, apprehend those discourses made by the others (of other instances) that cross their saying. In order to contextualize the corpus and to support its analysis, we refer to the theories of the fields of psychoanalysis, cinema and narrative of life. The analytical device focused on the discursive heterogeneity demonstrated (complemented by constitutive heterogeneity), from some categories of global semantics and the notion of ethos based, mainly, onMaingueneau's (1997, 2008a, 2008b, 2008c, 2008d, 2011). In this context, our research revealed, summarily, that the voices present in the two enunciators narratives of life, Abreu and Carvalho, refer to discourses such as psychiatry based on organic principles and common sense, stigmatizing about schizophrenia / psychosis, which points outschizophrenics as "mad", "lunatic" and so on. We have also found out that the schizophrenic himself, on the one hand, "rejects" schizophrenia and, on the other hand, "accepts" it as a psychic condition from which he does not feel guilty. At the same time, with regard to the construction of self-images, there is a "slip" between a schizophrenic ethos and a non-schizophrenic (cured) ethos, which refer to a before / there (in the past /outside the walls of the hospital) and to one now / here (in the present / in the psychiatric centre), still pointing to a future outside the walls. These voices, which develop the (small) life narratives of the patients / enunciators and build the (great) history of schizophrenia,show, after all, that despite some advances made, for example, by Lacanian psychoanalysis, the schizophrenics are still excluded from social contact, either by a physical barrier (such as the Conde de Ferreira psychiatric internment centre) or by the stigmatizing social imaginary itself.