Abordagens terapêuticas para a melhora do desempenho da marcha em indivíduos pós-AVE: uma revisão narrativa

Abstract

Stroke is a pathological condition associated with major impairments and disability in both adult and elderly people. These impairments are related to limited mobility and restrictions in social participation. Thus, the key point of the rehabilitation of these individuals is to recover the ability to walk. Several therapeutic modalities have been employed for this purpose, but there is no consensus regarding which techniques are most effective. The aim of this study was to review the literature regarding the therapeutic approaches employed for the improvement of gait performance in individuals with stroke. Eight studies published in the last eight years were reviewed, by referring to the following databases: Medline, PEDro, and Cochrane Library. Gait training and associated approaches with activities which involve balance and coordination appeared to be beneficial for improving gait performance of these individuals. In addition, various types of interventions were employed alone or in combination. The main reported gait improvements were related to increases in speed, symmetry, stride length, and cadence, as well as in cardiovascular fitness, and muscular strength.