Direitos infantis e urbanismo tático: experiências das crianças no Morro do Papagaio

Abstract

The Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), established by Federal Law No. 8,069/1990 in accordance with Article 227 of the Brazilian Federal Constitution, enshrines the right of every child to participate in processes involving transformations of urban space that directly impact the quality of their lives. Although initiatives seeking to incorporate children's participation in such processes have expanded in Brazil, there remains a lack of studies investigating how these experiences are perceived by the children themselves. This shortage of research focused on children's perspectives hinders the improvement of participatory practices and undermines the realization of the right to participation, particularly in the case of children living in favelas, who are often subject to social invisibility and historically excluded from urban decision-making processes. This dissertation, structured as a multiple case study, aims to explore, through the lens of human and fundamental rights, whether such rights can be promoted through Tactical Urbanism interventions carried out in open spaces within favelas with the participation of children, and which aspects facilitate the experience of these rights from the children's own perspectives. To this end, various data generation methods were employed (semi-structured interviews, floating observation, participant observation, and heart rate variability measurement), along with analytical approaches (thematic analysis and statistical analyses). The findings indicate that, according to the children’s perspectives, Tactical Urbanism interventions may foster the experience of rights such as freedom, conviviality, education, access to open spaces, and health. It is hoped that the results of this research will contribute to advancing knowledge in the field, as well as to informing the development of Tactical Urbanism initiatives with children as a means of promoting their rights.