Fatores de risco para dermatite associada à incontinência: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Objective:To identify, in the literature, the best evidences on the risk factors for the development of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis (IAD). Method:We performed searches on the VHL, MEDLINE databases through PUBMED, CINAHL and WEB OF SCIENCE. We identified twenty eligible publications and we selected 14 articles that met the inclusion criteria. We read and analyzed them. Results:The risk factors for IAD are: age, comorbidities, nutrition, oxygenation, perfusion, temperature, fecal and / or urinary incontinence, mechanical friction, skin permeability, use of certain care strategies, cognitive ability and skin evaluation. These factors are determinant for the appearance of IAD. Constant skin monitoring by the careful nurse evaluation is essential. Conclusion:In order to prevent IAD, identifying risk factors early is necessary to avoid harm to the patient, to prevent injuries, to promote comfort, well-being, to reduce hospitalization time and hospital costs, and to increase the care quality. It is important to emphasize that there is lack of literature about this subject and its importance for studies with a high level of evidence.