Capacidade para o trabalho e o trabalho docente: um estudo comparativo entre docentes de Instituições Públicas e Privadas do Ensino Superior

Abstract

The scenario of Brazilian higher education has changed over the last years. Changes ranging from infrastructure conditions and the adoption of new technologies to the resizing of sociability and interpersonal relationships inherent in a new logic of education. Higher education teachers are required beyond training and continuous professional qualification, an acceleration of the production rhythm, fragmentation of teaching activities with institutional bureaucratic activities, need for familiarity and mastery of constantly changing digital technologies, among others tasks that are being remodeled in the educational scope. The present study, taking this context of re-signification of higher education that has an impact on the teaching activity, sought to analyze the level of work capacity among higher education teachers, making a comparison between professionals from public and private teaching institutions. The concept of capacity for work introduced by Tuomi, K. Ilmarine, J .; Jahkola, A .; Katajarinne, L .; Tulkki, from which he analyzes in the perception of the worker the capacity that he has to carry out his work activities, considering his physical and mental conditions. The present research made use of the index of capacity for work (ICT), which has shown to be important in the face of demographic transformation and the alteration of production and labor relations. It was a field research, descriptive, quantitative and qualitative, that used as a technique for collecting self-administered questionnaires, in addition ICT was carried out a socioeconomic and professional questionnaire of the participants of the research and a qualitative questionnaire with the intention of a deepening of the perception of teachers in terms of their ability to work. The sample of 70 higher education professionals was composed of teachers linked to the public network (41.42%) and teachers linked to the private network (58.58%). A statistically significant difference was found between the subjects of the sample for the ability to work and among the dimensions that make up the construct. The average ICT for teachers of the public HEI was 38.31, in the limit between good and moderate capacity for work, among teachers of the private HEI was measured an average of 43.00 classified as good ability to work. Several studies emphasize the importance of preventive measures for the preservation or even the promotion of the capacity for work, not only in advanced ages as in any age and area of activity. It is suggested that maintaining the capacity for work can project reflexes in reducing the functional incapacity of the individual and early retirements, as well as, provide an increase in worker productivity.