Tendência temporal da prevalência de excesso de peso e obesidade entre idosos das capitais brasileiras e Distrito Federal: 2006 a 2007

Abstract

Introduction:Despite the intense population aging observed in Brazil in the last decades, only a few studies were designed to investigate the prevalence of risk and protective factors for Non-communicable Chronic Diseases (NCDs) in large samples of the elderly population in the country. Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the elderly population of the Brazilian capitals and Federal District, between 2006 and 2017.Methods:Time trend study using data from the Surveillance System of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (Vigitel). A subsample of data collected by Vigitel between 2006 and 2017 and composed ofindividuals with 60 years old or more was analyzed (n=157.741). Self-reported weight and height data were used to calculate the Body Mass Index (BMI).The prevalence of overweight (BMI≥25kg/m²) and obesity (BMI≥30kg/m²) were estimated for each year, for the total population and according to sex, age, schooling, region and the presence of NCDs. Linear regression models (Prais-Winsten) were used to analyze the temporal trend. Results: There was an increase (p<0.05) in both prevalence of overweight from 53,7% to 60,4% (1.16% per year) and regard to obesity from 16,1% to 20,8% (2.34% per year).The increased prevalence of both factors was higher among men (1.23% per year for overweight and 3.57% per year for obesity), individuals aging ≥80 years for overweight (1.49% year) and between 70-79 years (3.05% per year), schooling range of 9 to 11 years (1.60% per year for overweight and 3.39% per year for obesity), and among the elderly who had no diagnosis of NCD (1.25% per year for overweight and 3.03% per year for obesity). Overall, the stratified analysis evidenced a higher growth among the groups that presented the lowest prevalences in the beginning of the study. Conclusion: The results disclose a high and increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among elderly people in Brazilian capitals.