A psicoterapia relacional numa perspectiva fenomenológico-existencial

Abstract

Clinical Psychology is associated to the idea of illness due to its origin and orientation in Psychopathology in order to better understand and justify the link between the psychologist and their language. A continuous consideration of Phenomenological-Existential Psychotherapy can be observed from this point of view by seeking an external basis to the psychoanalytic as the reflection and understanding of the human being in their existence and in their relationships take place. This way,phenomenology is a philosophical movement that was structured in the early twentieth century, being considered the science that invites the studies of the phenomena that arise in the individual; therefore, possessing an extensive field. In this context, this research is directed to Relational Psychotherapy from a phenomenological-existential perspective based on bibliographical research and whose main aim is a study and reflection on the procedural, epistemological and scientific prerequisites necessary for the professional. The research is divided into three chapters: firstly, it aims to clarify the differential of Phenomenological-Existential Psychotherapy as a philosophy in Existentialism and as a method of Phenomenology. It then discusses questions about the distinction of phenomenological psychology. Finally, it describes the skills needed by the psychologist in their clinical practice when facing the confused and tormented individual who seeks professional help. It is subsequently supported by different authors’ views that besides the phenomenological differential and the distinctive therapeutic abilities, the psychotherapist in the phenomenological approach needs to welcome the patient with readiness, presence and empathy besides providing the patient with the opportunity of a genuine encounter. Last but not least, it has been observed that this professional is an individual that may confront themselves with their own personal questions; however, avoids letting the welcoming of their patient affected.